While English preserves substantial Germanic influence, a remarkable percentage of its vocabulary has been derived from French words.
Since French and English have many Latin influences, these languages converge in multiple surprising ways. So, here is a list of 15 English words borrowed from French straight into its vocabulary.
Top 15 Surprising English Words Derived From French
1. Advice
You may be familiar with the term ‘avis,’ which means an opinion in modern French. The English language just grabbed the last word from the French phrase “ce m’est a vis,” changing it to ‘advice.’
2. Habit
The modern French word for “habit” is habitude. Furthermore, the Latin ‘habe’ can imply having or holding onto something. It is possible that it was thought that having possession over something culminated in daily use, so the term began to take on its modern definition.
3. Liberal
While this word may get linked to being culturally liberal in the English-speaking community, the same term was most likely used in Old French to denote anything appropriate for a free-thinking individual.
4. Sport
It all originated with the old french term ‘desporter,’ which meant “stuff you enjoyed doing.” It was first translated into English as “disport” and then as “sport.” French reclaimed the word from English in the early nineteenth century.
5. Modern
While it is easy to believe that the French word ‘moderne’ was borrowed from the English, this is not the case. It was derived from the Middle French word moderne, which arrived via Latin.
6. Utensil
The term ‘utensile’ (an old French word) comes from the Latin ūtensilis, which means “useful.”
Ustensile is the current French word. Changes like this demonstrate how a term may be altered depending on the function it serves and how people prefer to adopt it at any given instant.
7. Denim
Unlike several other French words, “denim” has a relatively recent history. The word is derived from ‘de Nîmes.’
Investigating the origins of a word like this sheds information on historical and ethnic shifts that many of us may be unaware of.
8. Money
It’s a word that originated in France in several forms before making inroads into English. It first appeared in English-speaking countries by substituting the Middle English term ‘schat,’ meaning treasure.
Currently, the term ‘monnaie’ is still used in French to indicate cash or spare change.
9. Mirage
This French term translates literally to “look at” or “wonder at.” In French, it also denotes “mirror” or “admire,” which is why English people use a mirage to describe a visual longing or desire.
10. Matinée
From the French perspective, matinée, like “matin,” refers to both the morning and the whole morning from sunrise to afternoon. This term refers to the “first exhibition” of a movie or performance in English.
11. Encore
Encore is only associated with show business in English, whereas it has a routine usage in French. The precise translations are “again” or “another.” More complex translations include “yet,” “still,” and “even.”
12. Souvenir
A souvenir is substantial, material, and apparent to English speakers. Also, for the French, but not precisely. The verb souvenir can also imply “recollection” or “memorize” in French.
13. Fiancé
It’s among the most popular French loan words in English and implies the same in both languages. The change in spelling is one small surprise.
Since there is always a masculine and feminine manner of writing French terms, a fiancé with one “e” corresponds to a male fiancé, while a fiancée with two “e’s” points to the female counterpart.
14. Façade
The actual English translation of this French term is ‘face’ or ‘front,’ as figuratively used in English. In both English and French, ‘façade’ refers to the “front” or “side” of a structure.
15. Déjà Vu
This term is used regularly in France to signify “having re-seen” an individual, location, or something. It has inadvertently crept into English to describe an incomprehensible incident that may or may not have occurred.
Conclusion
Many borrowed words in English from French have only tweaked variants of their French origins. Given the vicinity of the two nations, a language convergence was almost certainly unavoidable.
Ivan Vassiliev
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